Hello friends Greeting, Hope that you are doing great
and rising above in your life. Today in this post we are going to know very
important English content that we use
every day. This post would enable you have full knowledge of English terms and fundamentals. You may read, write, speak and understand
English well. The contents of this post are going to add value in your English
domain.
1.
Alphabet-
In English
language, We know very well that there are 26 letters written in Small letters
and Capital letters. They have similar
sound but appear very different.
A,,b,c,d,e,f,g,I,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,U,Z
2.
Word-
When the letters put together and give a meaning full sound is called a word.
To form a work one vowel and one consonant is required. There are some
exceptions where a single English letter makes up a meaning. Example A, I, and
O.
3.
Sentence-
When two or more words come together and we can get a meaning this group
of word is called a sentence. In simple term, when two or more words come
together and give a meaning is a sentence.
There are two parts of a sentence-
a.
Subject b. Predicate
The doer is known as a subject and the action it performs is known to be
predicate.
There are mainly four types of sentences- Simple Sentence, Compound
Sentence, Complex sentence and Mixed Sentence.
Simple Sentence- the sentence
which contains only single Finite verb is called a simple sentence.
Compound Sentence- The sentence which has two or more principal clause
and co-ordinatiing conjunction is used to connect it.
Complex Sentence- where there is at least one principle clause and one
more co-ordinating conjunction is called Complex sentence.
Mixed Sentence- the sentence which is not simple, compound and complex
is mixed sentence.
4.
Clause-
A group of word which makes a part of sentence and containing a finite
verb and subject is called a clause.
a)
Principal Clause- this is a type of
clause which has its complete meaning it does not depend on anything to have
complete meaning.
b)
Co-ordinating Clause- This clause
depends the Sub- Ordinating Conjunction to have a meaning. It cannot form a
meaning itself. Sub-Ordinating Conjunction: - as,why,because,since, before,
soon,c lest, as soon as and so on.
Sub-Ordinating Clause has three categories- 1. Noun Clause 2. Adjective Clause 3. Adverb Clause.
5.
Phrase-
A group of words that gives a sense or meaning but not complete is
called a phrase.
Tit for tat, ins and outs
6.
Parts of Speech-
the words used in sentence are categorized in 9 parts.
a)
Noun b) pronoun c) Adjective d) Adverb
e) Preposition f) Verb g) Conjunction i) Interjection.
7.
Affirmative Sentence-
The sentences which are not negative are called Affirmative.
8.
Assertive Sentence- The sentence in which something is said
called Assertive sentence.
9.
Imperative sentence-
The sentences which have emotions and sense of order, direction, advice,
command or request.
10.
Optative Sentence-
The sentence which talks about prayers, Wishes and expression or desires.
11.
Exclamatory Sentence-
The sentence which expresses sorrow, hatred, joy , happiness , wonder and so
on.
12.
Colloquial-
which expresses conversational sentence which are informal.
13.
Complement- which
adds and completes something to the subject or object. It completes the subject
is called subjective complement if it does the same with objective it is called
objective complement.
Ram become a captain
We elected him our leader.
14.
Cognate Object-
when a object is used in the sentence in the similarity of verb. Such object s
called Cognate object.
a)
Ram fought a good fight. b) Radha sang a beautiful song.
15.
Syllable- this part
of word that is spoken once as a whole is called syllable. A single word can
contain more than one syllable.
Book, Car, Mat – One syllable words
Father- Fa-ther-
Monday- Mon-day – 2 syllable words
16.
Vowels- In English Language A,E,I,O,U is considered
Vowels. There are 5 vowels and 21 consonants in English language.
17.
Consonants-
apart from, A,E,O,U,I rest letters are consonants.
18.
Prefix- the words
appear before the main words for example- im,in,em, en,dis and so on are
prefix/
19.
Suffix- the words
appear after the main words are called suffix- age, ist,ing, ship and so on.
20.
Premodifier-
The word which comes before the noun and adds in the meaning is called
Premodifier.
a)
I met with a blessed person b) She nursed my broken leg.
21.
Slang- Slang means
use of informal words and expressions-
22.
Tense- tense
points out to the time .
23.
Noun- name of any
person, place or thing is a noun.
There are 5 types of noun
Proper Noun – one of person place or things- Ram
, Chair, Delhi
b) Common Noun - - a common noun points out to the names given
to persons, places and things- Kind ,Queen, Student, City
c) Collective Noun- name of group of
persons, things taken and spoken together
d) Material
Noun- name of metal or substance of which it is made off.
e)Abstract
Noun- it refers to quality, state and action.
25. The
noun case- in the sentence relation of noun the other words is defined by
the noun case.
Nominative
Case- when the noun is used as a subject of verb is called
nominative case.
Possessive
Case- the ownership of noun on another noun is called
possessive case.
Objective
Case- when the noun is used as an object of the verb is
known as objective case.
Case in
Apposition- when two noun referring to same person is known as Case in apposition-
26.
Adjective- the word which tells the quality of a noun is called Adjective
27. Synthesis-
a process in which multiple sentences are put together to form a sentence is
called Synthesis.
28.
Analysis- it means to identify the Clause and get to know its type.
29. Conjunction-
this is word that connects other word.
a) Coordinating
conjunction
b)
Subordinating Conjunction-
c)
Correlative Conjunction
30. Adverb-
a word in the sentence which changes the meaning of verb or adjective. In
simple words which tells the quality of verb.
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